Strikes on positions held by Iranian-backed militias and their allies in eastern Syria killed 14 fighters.
It was not immediately clear who carried out the strikes in the desert near the town of Mayadin, which came minutes after Syrian air defenses intercepted Israeli strikes over the north of the country, the Britain-based Syrian Observatory for Human Rights said.
A spokesman for the US-led coalition battling the Islamic State group said it was not responsible for the strikes.
Observatory head Rami Abdul Rahman said it was “likely” that Israel mounted the operation, which killed several Iraqi as well as Iranian fighters.
State media did not report the strikes.
Iranian-backed militias and their allies command a significant presence in eastern Syria south of the Euphrates Valley. The region lies close to the Iraqi border.
Israel has launched hundreds of strikes in Syria since the start of the civil war in 2011, targeting government troops, allied Iranian forces and Hezbollah fighters.
It rarely confirms details of its operations in Syria but says Iran’s presence in support of President Bashar al-Assad is a threat and that it will continue its strikes.
An Israeli diplomatic official, who asked that their name be withheld, did not comment on the strikes but said “Iran was the only country still shipping missiles and missiles technologies to their proxies in the region” amid the global health crisis.
